WORK PACKAGE 2

WP2: In-situ supersites & Remote Sensing integration

• Innovate and integrate novel in situ monitoring approaches for tracking C and hydro-logical dynamics.

• Improved in-situ and space-based data integration: combined site-level data streams with new space-based monitoring sensors from LiDAR, SAR, and hyperspectral sen-sors, and packaging of data streams for uptake in downstream WPs.

• Synthesis, uptake, and recommendations: a systematic analysis, comparison, and de-riving recommendations for future monitoring (i.e. ICOS, Copernicus).

WORK PACKAGE 3 

WP3: Large scale spatial analysis for monitoring key terrestrial ecosystems

• To better understand LULC change dynamics and related land management at un-precedented spatial scale.

• Improve spatial and temporal understanding of disturbance and regrowth (D&R) dy-namics, to encompass the heterogeneous thematic parameters, to deliver key quanti-tative detail on GHG fluxes due to D&R.

• To produce annual maps of the CO2 fluxes exchanged between the land and the at-mosphere in response to lateral C transport processes

• To produce new pan-European spatial estimation of C stocks and fluxes-related varia-bles: above &below-ground biomass, including the soil carbon component and coarse woody debris; Net Biome Production (NBP) of forest attributed to gross C losses and gains from disturbances; SIF-based proxy of productivity.

• To produce enhanced pan-European data-driven upscaled NEE from FLUXCOM-X with integration of recent EO data and flux footprint.

WORK PACKAGE 4 

WP4: Vegetation demographics observations and modelling 

• Integrate improved methods to monitor key European ecosystem states regarding terrestrial C by assessing size, age structure, and canopy structure using TLS

• Use demographic models and theory to interpret observed tree-size and tree-age dis-tribution

• Harness satellite-derived age class data to inform and constrain C dynamics in a di-verse set of demographic LSMs.

• Increase the accuracy of LSM C cycle representations of forest regrowth via DA and calibration of next-generation demographic schemes

WORK PACKAGE 5 

WP5: Enhanced model representation of anthropogenic & natural disturbances

• Harmonise land use DA for improved land surface and bookkeeping modelling

• Bridge the gap in spatial resolutions between RS and LSM.

• Improve handling of forest management and wood trade in terrestrial C modelling.

• Improve the representation of peatland GHG fluxes in LSM

• Improve the representation of key land-use processes in bookkeeping models to ob-tain better estimates ofCO2 fluxes from land-use change and land management.

WORK PACKAGE 6 

WP6: Data assimilation developments & model-data fusion

• Improve the current DA and model-data fusion schemes suitable for multiple data stream assimilation into process-based LSM.

• Develop empirical DA procedures for forest biomass assessment.

• Calibrate the main parameters of several LSMs to provide data-constrained C budgets (consistent short- and long-term fluxes and stocks) and associated parametric uncer-tainties

• Develop new hybrid modelling for maximal observation use in model DA approaches.

• Perform regional atmospheric inversion over Europe using a Community Inversion Framework (CIF).

WORK PACKAGE 7

WP7: GHG budgets, LULUCF reconciliation & synthesis

• Apply the enhanced LSMs and bookkeeping models for the GCB assessment and demonstrate a reduction in the global BIM.

• Derive biomass change estimates from EO at a global scale and over multiple decades and compare with LSMs over Europe and globally.

• Apply enhanced LSMs in Near-Real-Time (NRT) to estimate the impact of climate ex-tremes, using high-resolution simulations from WP6 and new coarse-resolution global simulations.

• Synthesise C budget estimates and reconcile C emissions for the LULUCF sector at the country-level over Europe between NGHGI estimates and those from this project.

WORK PACKAGE 8

WP8: Scenario modelling of the carbon cycle

• Develop empirically based scenarios extending TRENDY simulations connecting land use and land cover change to C emissions and sequestration potential.

• Quantify changing future likelihoods of extreme events (wind throw, drought, pest outbreaks, fire) and associated impacts on the C cycle

• Quantify dynamics and responses of vegetation to climate change and short- and long-term stress in a range of future scenarios.

WORK PACKAGE 9

WP9: Communication, impact & policy outreach

• Appraise the performance of the NextGenCarbon consortium throughout the dura-tion of the project

• Conduct targeted, effective, high-impact communication, engagement, dissemina-tion and exploitation activities to raise awareness and understanding of multiple audi-ences around impacts of anthropogenic activities and management decisions on cli-mate change

• Support informed decision-making in climate change mitigation and adaptation poli-cies at EU and global levels, in line with the European Green Deal objectives, the EU Climate Law, and the LULUCF Regulation

• Set the pathway to the project’s sustainability through post-project sustainability plan development

WORK PACKAGE 10

WP10: Carbon Carrying Capacity (CCC) Prediction

• To develop Pan-European CCC models by Ecological Zone & Forest Type.

• Generation of pan-European the relative C stocks and SF maps.

• Investigate the underlying environmental constrains that influence the ability of for-ests to reach their maximum CCC

• To create prediction scenarios for the relative C stock.